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let's uh head to the payload operations

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integration center um at the marshall

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space flight center in huntsville

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alabama laurie meigs is there and lori i

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understand we're talking about space

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station technology that's turned into a

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fairly marvelous spin-off for us here on

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earth

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that's right neuroarm is a clinical

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research project where robotic arm works

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hand in hand with brain surgeons it

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works like the canadarm robotic arm on

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the space station although on a very

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much smaller scale

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now dr garnett sutherland he is a

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professor of neurosurgery at the

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university of calgary and he shares how

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this technology has become quite a game

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changer in the operating room

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project near arm is a

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is

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the idea of translating

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all the great research and development

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of space robotics

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into the operating room here on our

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planet

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so we're talking about interoperable

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surgeries right inoperable brain

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surgeries that are now we're talking

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about brain surgery and we might use

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a statement that the outcome from brain

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surgery while being great

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can get better

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and for us to make it better

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that probably does require collaborative

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efforts between science engineering and

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medicine

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and one philosophy we had is would it

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not be wonderful if one could merge

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diagnosis with therapy

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that would require advanced

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interoperative imaging

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and to put machine technology into the

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imaging technologies so that you can

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conduct operations while you're taking

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the pictures

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wow

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so that would allow surgeons to do

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things they

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currently can't do

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and that would allow surgeons to always

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know the effect of what they're doing as

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they're doing that

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so how has this all come together how

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how did the

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neurosurgery world meet up with the

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robotics world so many years ago we

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began a project on building an

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intraoperative mri device and so we

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built one we put it on the ceiling of an

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operating room and it can come in and

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out as the surgeon wants

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but that interrupts surgery during

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imaging so i remember around 2002

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i found a company called mcdonald debt

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roller associates they're the company

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that built

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space arm and the special purpose texas

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manipulator and said to them you know

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you people build complex robots for

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complex space places

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and i would like to join a project where

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we build a robot for that magnet

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that we can put inside the magnet and it

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can conduct neurosurgery

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inside the bore of a mr machine

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so that project began around 2002

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and the robot was delivered in about

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2008

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and we redid the inter-operative mri

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project

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around 2010 and now we're using the

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robot for clinical cases

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tell me how the mri is involved with

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that if you have a neurosurgical problem

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or neurological problem you will

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commonly go see your doctor and your

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doctor will send you for an mri

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an mri allows your physicians to see

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inside your body

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specifically your head

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so we can see your brain and we can see

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the problem

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that's affecting your brain

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furthermore the mri gives even more

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information like

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where are the important areas in your

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brain that need to be avoided

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and it even can display the connections

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between the right and the left and

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between

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within the hemispheres of the brain

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so we have this rich data set

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of everything we

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of your problem and its effect on your

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brain

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then you go see your neurosurgeon who

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tends to operate on you

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knowledgeable of the images but doesn't

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actually operate in the image

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so

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the theme of this project is

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the person would be getting images

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but then the robotic arms

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would enter the image

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and remove it while you're taking

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pictures of it

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and that's the fundamental goal of the

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project what does the robot look like

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he looks like he looks like a surgeon

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without a head

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so the robot

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the robot has two arms connected to a

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base

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and the robot's arms are much

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like a human's arms

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and they have joints much like a human's

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hands have joints

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and the surgeon controls that

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larger robot using hand controllers

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which are really miniature robots

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so however the surgeon moves their hand

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the robot

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motions of a human surgeon

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so then our patients come to the

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hospital they see us in our clinics

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and we schedule them for surgery and we

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tell them

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that we're going to use the robot for

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part of your operation

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and we believe the robot is a benefit

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for your operation

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and it invariably people want the robot

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used

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in fact that you can sometimes see a

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little not a tear but a disappointment

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should you say no we're not using the

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robot for your case

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type thing

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and then we begin that process of

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showing

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how the robot

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benefits

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or doesn't benefit a surgical procedure

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let's talk about success stories tell us

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some

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well our very first patient was a young

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and she just had her child

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so we took her tumor out of a small

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opening

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using the precision and accuracy of the

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machine

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coupling it to the executive capacity of

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the surgeon at a workstation

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and or the assistant surgeon

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and we've had many more

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than her sins

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and we tend to use the robot at least

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once a week

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what would have been her prognosis had

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you not been able to use that

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so in these particular prognosis would

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have been pretty good using conventional

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surgical technique but we're trying to

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show that with

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machines and surgeons

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we will always deliver an excellent

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outcome

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so that might say i would like the bar

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to be raised

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and the other thing about

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machines like a robot in an operating

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room is all the data is digital

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so everything is recorded

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so people can play back

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and learn from that procedure

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and in theory they can play forward

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which is one of the goals of the project

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to feed your mr machine

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your mr imaging data into the robot's

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workstation

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and practice your surgery

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before you actually do it so is it also

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being used to train surgeons yeah so

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this is a platform which we would expect

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to be an ideal training

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platform for surgery much like a pilot

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we'll use

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we'll go somewhere into a virtual pilot

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virtual airplane simulator

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robotic surgery offers

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the potential assimilation

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for the young trainees of surgery

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and those are just the earth

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applications the commercial production

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of these units is now much smaller and